Edward II Plantagenet King of England^{[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]}

1284 - 1327  (43 years)

• Name	Edward II Plantagenet King of England
  Birth	25 Apr 1284	Caernarvon Castle, Caernarvonshire, Wales   [2, 4, 6, 9]
  Gender	Male
  Death	21 Sep 1327	Berkeley Castle, Thornbury, Gloucestershire, England (murdered)   [2, 4, 6, 9]
  Burial	20 Dec 1327	Gloucester Cathedral
  Notes	8 Jul 1307 Accedes to the throne after the death of his father Edward I. 1308 Edward's favorite Piers Gaveston is exiled. 1310 King's cousin Thomas, Earl of Lancaster takes over. 1314 English army routed at Battle of Bannockburn by Robert Bruce. 1320's Hugh le Despencer and son become favorites and restore some powerto King. 1326 Isabella abandons Edward and with lover Roger de Mortimer, deposesEdward II, Executes both le Despencers, and assumes power as regents of Edward III. 1327 Murdered. Edward II, byname EDWARD OF CAERNARVON (b. April 25, 1284, Caernarvon,Caernarvonshire, Wales--d. September 1327, Berkeley, Gloucestershire,Eng.), king of England from 1307 to 1327. Although he was a man oflimited capability, he waged a long, hopeless campaign to assert hisauthority over powerful barons. The fourth son of King Edward I, he ascended the throne upon his father'sdeath (July 7, 1307) and immediately gave the highest offices to EdwardI's most prominent opponents. He earned the hatred of the barons bygranting the earldom of Cornwall to his frivolous favourite (and possiblelover), Piers Gaveston. In 1311 a 21-member baronial committee drafted adocument -- known as the Ordinances -- demanding the banishment ofGaveston and the restriction of the King's powers over finances andappointments. Edward pretended to give in to these demands; he sentGaveston out of the country but soon allowed him to return. Inretaliation the barons seized Gaveston and executed him (June 1312). Edward had to wait 11 years to annul the Ordinances and avenge Gaveston.Meanwhile, the Scottish king Robert I the Bruce was threatening to throwoff English overlordship. Edward led an army into Scotland in 1314 butwas decisively defeated by Bruce at Bannockburn on June 24. With onestroke, Scotland's independence was virtually secured, and Edward was putat the mercy of a group of barons headed by his cousin Thomas ofLancaster, who by 1315 had made himself the real master of England.Nevertheless, Lancaster proved to be incompetent; by 1318 a group ofmoderate barons led by Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke, had assumedthe role of arbitrators between Lancaster and Edward. At this junctureEdward found two new favourites--Hugh le Despenser and his son andnamesake. When the King supported the younger Despenser's territorialambitions in Wales, Lancaster banished both Despensers. Edward then tookup arms in their behalf. His opponents fell out among themselves, and hedefeated and captured Lancaster at Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, in March1322. Soon afterward, he had Lancaster executed. At last free of baronial control, Edward revoked the Ordinances. Hisreliance on the Despensers, however, soon aroused the resentment of hisqueen, Isabella. While on a diplomatic mission to Paris in 1325, shebecame the mistress of Roger Mortimer, an exiled baronial opponent ofEdward. In September 1326 the couple invaded England, executed theDespensers, and deposed Edward on 21 Jan 1327 in favour of his son, whowas crowned (January 1327) King Edward III. Edward II was imprisoned andin September 1327 died, probably by violence. [Encyclopædia Britannica CD'97] Reigned 1307-1327, deposed and murdered. Invested as the first Prince ofWales in 1301. His reign was troubled by extravagances, his militaristdisasters in Scotland, notably at Bannockburn(1314), and the unpopularityof his favourite peers, Piers Gaveston, who died in 1312, and Hugh leDespencer, 1262-1326. He was deposed on 21 Jan 1327, and murdered by ared-hot poker in his bowels. 8 Jul 1307 Accedes to the throne after the death of his father Edward I. 1308 Edward's favorite Piers Gaveston is exiled. 1310 King's cousin Thomas, Earl of Lancaster takes over. 1314 English army routed at Battle of Bannockburn by Robert Bruce. 1320's Hugh le Despencer and son become favorites and restore some powerto King. 1326 Isabella abandons Edward and with lover Roger de Mortimer, deposesEdward II, Executes both le Despencers, and assumes power as regents of Edward III. 1327 Murdered. Edward II, byname EDWARD OF CAERNARVON (b. April 25, 1284, Caernarvon,Caernarvonshire, Wales--d. September 1327, Berkeley, Gloucestershire,Eng.), king of England from 1307 to 1327. Although he was a man oflimited capability, he waged a long, hopeless campaign to assert hisauthority over powerful barons. The fourth son of King Edward I, he ascended the throne upon his father'sdeath (July 7, 1307) and immediately gave the highest offices to EdwardI's most prominent opponents. He earned the hatred of the barons bygranting the earldom of Cornwall to his frivolous favourite (and possiblelover), Piers Gaveston. In 1311 a 21-member baronial committee drafted adocument -- known as the Ordinances -- demanding the banishment ofGaveston and the restriction of the King's powers over finances andappointments. Edward pretended to give in to these demands; he sentGaveston out of the country but soon allowed him to return. Inretaliation the barons seized Gaveston and executed him (June 1312). Edward had to wait 11 years to annul the Ordinances and avenge Gaveston.Meanwhile, the Scottish king Robert I the Bruce was threatening to throwoff English overlordship. Edward led an army into Scotland in 1314 butwas decisively defeated by Bruce at Bannockburn on June 24. With onestroke, Scotland's independence was virtually secured, and Edward was putat the mercy of a group of barons headed by his cousin Thomas ofLancaster, who by 1315 had made himself the real master of England.Nevertheless, Lancaster proved to be incompetent; by 1318 a group ofmoderate barons led by Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke, had assumedthe role of arbitrators between Lancaster and Edward. At this junctureEdward found two new favourites--Hugh le Despenser and his son andnamesake. When the King supported the younger Despenser's territorialambitions in Wales, Lancaster banished both Despensers. Edward then tookup arms in their behalf. His opponents fell out among themselves, and hedefeated and captured Lancaster at Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, in March1322. Soon afterward, he had Lancaster executed. At last free of baronial control, Edward revoked the Ordinances. Hisreliance on the Despensers, however, soon aroused the resentment of hisqueen, Isabella. While on a diplomatic mission to Paris in 1325, shebecame the mistress of Roger Mortimer, an exiled baronial opponent ofEdward. In September 1326 the couple invaded England, executed theDespensers, and deposed Edward on 21 Jan 1327 in favour of his son, whowas crowned (January 1327) King Edward III. Edward II was imprisoned andin September 1327 died, probably by violence. [Encyclopædia Britannica CD'97] Reigned 1307-1327, deposed and murdered. Invested as the first Prince ofWales in 1301. His reign was troubled by extravagances, his militaristdisasters in Scotland, notably at Bannockburn(1314), and the unpopularityof his favourite peers, Piers Gaveston, who died in 1312, and Hugh leDespencer, 1262-1326. He was deposed on 21 Jan 1327, and murdered by ared-hot poker in his bowels.
  Person ID	I2490	Wilson-Maynard Family Tree
  Last Modified	26 Dec 2002

  
  

  Father	Edward I Plantagenet "Longshanks" King O England,   b. 17 Jun 1239, Westminster Palace, London, Middlesex, England d. 7 Jul 1307, Burgh-on-The-Sand near Carlisle, Cumberland, England (Age 68 years)
  Mother	Eleanor Princess of Castile,   b. 1244, Burgos, Castile, Spain d. 28 Nov 1290, Grantham, Lincolnshire, England (Age 46 years)
  Marriage	18 Oct 1254	Burgos, Spain   [10, 11, 12, 13]
  Family ID	F906	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family	Isabelle Princess of France, Queen England,   b. 1292, Paris,Seine,France d. 22 Aug 1358, Castle Rising, Norfolk, England (Age 66 years)
  Marriage	28 Jan 1308
  Children	1. Edward III England, King,   b. 13 Nov 1312, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England d. 21 Jun 1377, Shene Palace, , Surrey, England (Age 64 years)   2. John England, Earl Cornwall,   b. 15 Aug 1315   3. Eleanor England, Princess,   b. 8 Jun 1318, Palace d. 22 Apr 1355, Deventer,Netherlands (Age 36 years)   4. Joan England, Princess,   b. Jul 1321, London,Middlesex,England d. 7 Sep 1362, Hertford,England (Age 41 years)
  Family ID	F842	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

• Event Map

  Birth - 25 Apr 1284 - Caernarvon Castle, Caernarvonshire, Wales Death - 21 Sep 1327 - Berkeley Castle, Thornbury, Gloucestershire, England (murdered) Burial - 20 Dec 1327 - Gloucester Cathedral  = Link to Google Earth

  
  

• Photos

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• Sources

  [S16403] The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968. [S14311] The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999, 161-15. [S16404] The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968. [S14616] The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999, 161-15. [S15081] The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968. [S14426] The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999, 161-15. [S14540] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (R), (Copyright (c) 1987, June 1998, data as of 5 January 1998). [S14454] The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968. [S14286] The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999, 161-15. [S14426] The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999, 161-14. [S14616] The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999, 161-14. [S14286] The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999, 161-14. [S14311] The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999, 161-14.